I.D. The establishment of the UN

→ The legacy of the League of Nations

– the League of Nations was founded in 1919, after the Treaty of Versailles
– the League of Nations was dissolved at the first UN General Assembly on January 10, 1946
– Harry Truman (president of the United States) made a speech to the American Congress on March 12, 1947
– He enunciated the doctrine of “containment”: the aim was to fight against the “advance of communism”, in particular by financial means (leading to the Marshall Plan)

→ Birth and functioning of the UN

-Signature of the Atlantic Charter on August 14, 1941, by Roosevelt and Churchill
– Founding of the United Nations Organization (UNO) on October 24, 1945
– The missions of the UN are international peace, the good economic functioning, and social welfare
– The U.N. consists of six bodies: the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the Secretariat

→ Focus on the UN Charter:

Preamble to the U.N. Charter:

“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind; to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small ; to create the conditions necessary for the maintenance of justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law; to promote social progress and better standards of living in larger freedom. “